n order to offer background to the discussion of TBI in our military veterans, Part I of this article will give a brief overview of TBI, in particular mild TBI. Part II will discuss the issue of the comorbidity of other conditions with military members’ TBI, to include PTSD. Part III will provide information on how the DoD and the VA evaluate and treat this condition in our servicemembers and veterans. Part IV will discuss why the recognition of potential symptoms or mild TBI in our servicemembers and veterans is important for many reasons, to include the ability to receive healthcare and benefits from the VA.