Disability and reproductive justice (RJ) in global public health addresses how more than one billion people with disabilities worldwide experience systemic barriers to reproductive autonomy, healthcare access, and family formation. Disabled people face pervasive inequities across the reproductive lifecycle, including limited access to contraception and sexual health education, coercive sterilization, inaccessible perinatal care, discriminatory abortion restrictions, and disproportionate child welfare surveillance. These barriers are not inherent to disability itself but stem from ableist assumptions embedded within healthcare systems, legal frameworks, and social institutions that devalue disabled people’s sexuality, bodily autonomy, and parenting capacity. Such reproductive oppression is compounded by intersecting systems of racism, colonialism, sexism, economic marginalization, and other forms of structural inequality, particularly affecting disabled people who navigate multiple forms of marginalization.

Applying RJ and disability justice frameworks to global public health reveals that disabled people’s reproductive experiences must be understood within historical legacies of eugenics and population control that have explicitly targeted people for reproductive restriction across diverse national contexts. Achieving RJ for disabled people requires transforming public health systems to center disability in policy and practice, dismantling coercive legal regimes, ensuring healthcare accessibility and provider competency, addressing economic inequities that constrain reproductive choices, and establishing community-based support systems for disabled parents. Most fundamentally, it demands centering disabled people’s leadership and lived expertise in shaping reproductive health initiatives, recognizing that reproductive autonomy depends not only on legal rights but also on the material, social, and political conditions necessary to make and enact reproductive decisions with dignity and self-determination.